问题描述：
从ibgp邻居学过来一条vpnv4路由，但是在路由表看到该条路由是无效的
有什么命令可以查看到该条路由无效的原因吗？
avg.163.com/topic/detail/8786507
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组网及组网描述：
从ibgp邻居学过来一条vpnv4路由，但是在路由表看到该条路由是无效的
有什么命令可以查看到该条路由无效的原因吗？
avg.163.com/topic/detail/8786507
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avg.163.com/topic/detail/8786580
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avg.163.com/topic/detail/8786582
avg.163.com/topic/detail/8786504
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通过以下步骤检查：
1. 检查路由属性匹配性
路由目标（RT）检查
使用命令查看VPNv4路由的RT属性是否与本地VPN实例的import-extcommunity匹配：
display bgp vpnv4 routing-table <route>
若RT不匹配，路由不会被导入本地VPN实例路由表，显示为无效。
AS_PATH环路防护
若路由的AS_PATH中包含本地AS号（防环机制触发），需确认是否需要特殊处理：
在BGP-VPN实例视图下允许AS号重复（慎用）
peer <ip-address> allow-as-loop [<times>]
或使用AS替换（推荐）
peer <ip-address> substitute-as
2. 验证路由下一跳可达性
检查下一跳地址是否在全局路由表中可达：
display ip routing-table <next-hop-ip>
若下一跳为Null0
常见于跨域VPN或路由迭代失败（如案例中MSR路由器问题），需确保下一跳地址通过IGP/静态路由可达。
3. 检查路由策略过滤
确认是否配置了过滤策略（如filter-policy、route-policy）阻断路由：
display current-configuration | include "filter-policy|route-policy"
查看策略是否丢弃路由或修改关键属性（如Local-Preference、MED）。
4. BGP路由优选状态
使用命令查看路由是否未被优选（非best标志）：
display bgp vpnv4 routing-table
状态码含义：表示合法，>表示最优。若仅有无>，说明路由因优先级、路径属性等未当选最优。
5. 隧道与标签分配
SRv6场景：确认Locator配置一致且SID分配正常：
display segment-routing ipv6 locator <name>
MPLS场景：检查标签分配状态：
display mpls lsp vpn-instance <vpn-name>
6. 跨域配置问题
Option B跨域：确认ASBR是否正确传递VPNv4路由，且下一跳未被重置（需peer next-hop-invariable）。
Option C跨域：检查多跳BGP（MP-EBGP）的下一跳是否可达。
7. 查看详细无效原因
使用命令明确标识无效原因：
display bgp vpnv4 routing-table <route> inactive
输出会显示具体原因（如RT mismatch、Next-hop unreachable）。
快速定位步骤：
1. 确认路由是否收到：
display bgp vpnv4 routing-table peer <peer-ip> received-routes
2. 检查本地VPN实例导入结果：
display ip routing-table vpn-instance <vpn-name> protocol bgp
3. 查看无效原因：
display bgp vpnv4 routing-table <route> inactive
注：案例中多次出现因RT不匹配、下一跳不可达、AS_PATH环路防护导致的路由无效问题，优先排查这些关键点。特殊场景（如Hub-Spoke）需结合allow-as-loop或substitute-as配置。
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